Exploring STEM Through Schematic Play

Playgroup WA is excited to be attending Scitech’s Toddlerfest, where we will be presenting Tube-a-geddon, a hands-on play experience designed to encourage toddlers to post, roll, investigate and experiment.

Through tubes, ramps and everyday materials, children can explore movement, gravity, angles, speed and problem-solving while directing their own learning through play.

Opportunities to explore, learn and play together at playgroup

Playgroup is a wonderful place for children to enjoy activities that families may not have the opportunity to do regularly at home. It gives children more opportunities to explore STEM activities and schemas alongside other children. In a playgroup environment, they can observe, share ideas, experiment and solve problems together through play.

Find a local Playgroup WA playgroup and discover more opportunities for hands-on learning, connection and fun – Find a Playgroup Near You

Tube-a-geddon

Help your toddler satisfy their urge to post and roll items through tubes and down ramps.

While you create freeform rolling mazes together, you can marvel at how your toddler’s curiosity drives discovery and problem-solving while you delight in your observations.

Explore and support your little one to learn more about physics, engineering and maths as they investigate concepts such as:

  • Capacity
  • Geometry
  • Gravity
  • Angles
  • Velocity

Using everyday items to propose and predict trajectories, children will show you just how capable they are of directing their own learning.

Enjoy exploring play schemas alongside your child and remember just how much fun it is to play together.

What is schema play?

Schemas are mental models that children develop to help them understand how things work.

Schema play, sometimes described as following urges, is how children learn to make sense of the world. It is especially apparent during toddler play.

When children repeat actions, they are testing whether their schema, or understanding, matches reality. When they are satisfied that their understanding matches reality, they move on to another schema. When their schema and reality do not match, the testing continues.

Two schemas explored through Tube-a-geddon are the posting schema and the trajectory schema.

Posting Schema

The posting schema is the urge to release an object into a container.

Along with developing hand-eye coordination and fine motor skills, posting helps children explore:

  • Object permanence: Knowing an item still exists even though it cannot be seen
  • Spatial awareness: Does it fit?
  • Problem-solving: If that does not fit, which object will?

Trajectory Schema

The trajectory schema describes the urge to throw, drop, run, move, watch movement or interact with anything that is moving.

This can include dropping food from a highchair, moving objects, pouring water or watching something roll down a ramp.

Trajectory is one of the most common schemas because there are so many ways it can be explored. It also requires support to explore safely, as throwing items that are not normally thrown can be especially popular!

Trajectory play helps children explore their understanding of:

  • Gravity
  • Action and reaction
  • Lines
  • Angles
  • Direction
  • Movement

STEM learning through play

STEM stands for:
  • Science
  • Technology
  • Engineering
  • Maths

Through STEM experiences, children develop intellectual dispositions including reasoning, predicting, hypothesising and analysing. These are all important life skills.

To promote STEM learning:
  • Provide a stimulating and challenging environment.
  • Foster, promote and facilitate opportunities for children to discover and explore using their natural curiosity.
  • Respond to children’s interests and curiosity through collaboration.
  • Give children time to investigate, repeat and adjust their ideas.

What is heuristic learning?

Heuristic learning describes how children learn through hands-on experiences.

Children drive their own learning by:

  • Experimenting
  • Investigating
  • Observing
  • Predicting
  • Repeating
  • Adjusting their understanding

Experimenting with open-ended resources encourages creative thinking and invites imaginative play.

What does STEM look like for toddlers?

Toddlers use their senses and physical bodies to climb, run, jump and investigate. Their STEM learning needs to be hands-on.

Toddlers may enjoy:

  • Going on a nature walk
  • Making and chasing bubbles
  • Exploring sand and water
  • Investigating problem-solving toys through trial and error
  • Stacking and sorting items
  • Building cubbies
  • Using torches
  • Examining magnets
  • Using magnifying glasses

How to use prompting questions to support children’s thinking

To foster children’s problem-solving and creative thinking, adults can act as a kind of stage manager, supporting their play from behind the scenes.

Play alongside your child, follow their lead and use open-ended questions to prompt and extend their thinking. This can take practice, but the more you do it, the easier it becomes.

Although three-year-olds, and younger children, often like to ask “why?”, they can find it difficult to answer “why” questions themselves. Try asking “what” questions instead.

Questions you could ask

  • What happened when…?
  • What if we…?
  • I wonder if…?
  • What are you looking for?
  • What is different?
  • What do you think will happen if we…?
  • Which is heavier?
  • Can you find one the same size?
  • Can you find one that will fit?
  • How could we do that?
  • Which one do you think we should use?

Words to introduce through play

You can also use descriptive and mathematical language while playing together:

Movement and position  Size and measurement  Shape and direction 
  • Fast 
  • Slow 
  • Stuck 
  • In and Out 
  • Far 
  • Close 
  • Full 
  • More 
  • Many 
  • Bigger 
  • Too big 
  • Little 
  • Longer 
  • Taller 
  • Smaller 
  • Heavy 
  • Short 
  • Fit 
  • Curved 
  • Line 
  • Corner 
  • Straight 
  • Higher 
  • Lower 
  • In between 

Posting ideas at home

Tissue box posting

Use an old tissue box to hold posting items. Children focus on their senses because they cannot easily see the item. They can feel it and think about what it could be before seeing the object.

Bottle posting

Post items such as pom-poms or pasta into an empty juice bottle. You can cut the bottom out to make it easier to retrieve the items, if desired.

Cardboard tube drop

Tape a cardboard tube to a table leg and post pom-poms or other small items through the tube.

DIY posting box

Use a cardboard box, such as a shoebox, tissue box or gift box.

Cut a rectangular hole in the top and a square hole in one side that is big enough to look through. Children can post items and then check that they are inside the box by looking through the side.

Items could include:

  • Clean dish sponges
  • Scourers
  • Drink coasters
  • Animal figures
  • Gum leaves
  • Pegs

Always choose items that are safe and suitable for your child’s age and stage of development.

More posting ideas
  • Stack nesting measuring cups.
  • Empty and refill a basket of soft toys.
  • Pull scarves from a tissue box and put them back in.
  • Thread pipe cleaners through the holes of a colander.

Trajectory schema ideas at home

Make a cardboard ramp

Make a ramp from a cardboard box by detaching one side and folding it inwards to create a wedge shape.

Test different household objects to find out which ones roll.

You could also take a nature walk and discuss whether objects such as gumnuts might roll along a path, bench or branch. Collect some to test on your cardboard ramp later.

Cardboard ramps are also great for toy car races.

More trajectory play ideas
  • Chase bubbles.
  • Pour water.
  • Jump through sprinklers.
  • Chase water from the hose.
  • Throw rolled-up socks into a tub for safe indoor throwing.
  • Throw, chase or catch paper planes.
  • Play drums or tap on items such as formula tins and plastic containers.
  • Roll hula hoops or other round objects on their sides.
  • Roll objects down a sloping surface.
  • Jump from a low platform, such as the bottom step, onto a mat.
  • Jump into puddles.

Choose activities and materials that are safe and appropriate for your child’s age, abilities and level of supervision.

Learn more about schemas and play urges

Using Schemas to Observe and Plan More Engaging Activities

Understanding play urges (play urges are another way of describing schemas): I Just Can’t Help Myself: Understanding the Links Between Urges and Play